Long-term postoperative mortality in diabetic patients undergoing major non-cardiac surgery

(Journal Article): Long-term postoperative mortality in diabetic patients undergoing major non-cardiac surgery

Juul AB, Wetterslev J, Kofoed-Enevoldsen A (Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen Trial Unit, Centre for Clinical Intervention Research, Department 7102, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark, anne.j@ctu.rh.dk )

IN: Eur J Anaesthesiol 2004; 21(7):523-529
Impact Factor(s) of Eur J Anaesthesiol: 1.156 (2004), 1.217 (2003), 1.193 (2002), 0.966 (2001)

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The prognosis of diabetic patients after surgery remains controversial. Some suggest that the rates of death and complications today are almost identical in diabetic and non-diabetic patients within hospital stay or for 30 days postoperatively, whereas others suggest that diabetes still constitutes a major risk factor for both short-term (< or = 30 days) and long-term (> 30 days) patients especially after major cardiac surgery. We examined the long-term postoperative mortality of diabetic patients undergoing major non-cardiac surgery to identify possible perioperative risk factors. METHODS: Data from 179 consecutive diabetic patients, who underwent major non-cardiac surgery at Herlev Hospital, Denmark, during a 12 month period, have been retrospectively analysed. Data were obtained from patient records and from The Danish National Health Register. The main outcome measure was postoperative mortality. Patients were followed for a maximum of 18 months. RESULTS: The median postoperative observation period was 10 months (range 0-18 months). Overall postoperative mortality was 24% (95% confidence interval (CI) 17-31%). One third of the fatalities occurred during the first 30 days. Ischaemic heart disease diagnosed before the operation was associated with an overall postoperative mortality of 44% (95% CI 29-58%), which was significantly (P < 0.03) higher than in diabetic patients without known cardiovascular disease. The major causes of death in 18 out of 39 (46%) patients were diseases of the cardiovascular system. CONCLUSIONS: Diabetic patients undergoing major non-cardiac surgery seem to have a high mortality, often because of cardiovascular death. Future strategies should focus on implementing cardio-protective treatment during the perioperative period.

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